“Do we want to continue calling that filth a movie? And are we expected to fight to defend a commercial venture such as Charlie Hebdo’s?” Considered one of Turkey’s greatest intellectuals, Nilüfer Göle teaches sociology at Paris’s Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales and studied with Alain Touraine. For years she has been studying Islam’s penetration of Europe’s public arena. What worries this scholar in these days of global protest and violence, is that Islamic fundamentalism will come into conflict with Western political secular fundamentalism and that it may use this clash for political purposes. “Muslims must condemn the violence carried out in the name of Islam. They cannot present themselves as victims and condemn the West. Such a step would be decisive in affecting the evolution of the ‘Arab Spring’ and for the role Islam could play in the democratization of these countries. Göle also believes that the West runs the risk of implementing a mechanical defense of freedom of expression.”