Islam does not appear to have played much of a role in the recent Arab uprisings. The young were moved above all by a desire for freedom and democracy. And yet, within certain Right-wing parties and the Middle Eastern regimes too, there are those who wave the spectre of the 1979 Iranian revolution, fearing that the fall of the old regimes will open the gates to radical Islamist parties, or even to movements close to al Qaeda. Do such risks really exist?